Daily Current Affairs & Key Questions for NDA & Competitive Exams – 10 October 2025

Welcome to today’s update summarizing the latest current affairs essential for NDA preparation. This post covers important happenings in politics, defence, economy, science, and sports to keep you ahead in your NDA exam journey with the latest current affairs.

Key Recent Current Affairs Highlights

Politics & Governance: 

• UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer visited Mumbai and met PM Narendra Modi to deepen cooperation in defence, energy, climate, education, and maritime security. This marks Starmer’s first visit to India since taking office in July last year.
• PM Modi congratulated US President Donald Trump on a historic Gaza peace plan and reviewed progress in trade negotiations, affirming close diplomatic ties.
• India approved railway projects worth ₹24,000 crore to enhance rural and industrial connectivity in four states.
• The government released a ₹151 crore health sector grant to West Bengal to strengthen rural diagnostics and primary healthcare services.
• PM Modi highlighted India’s global leadership in digital innovation and financial inclusion at the Global Fintech Fest, citing UPI’s 20 billion monthly transactions.
• The drug regulator ordered joint inspections of cough syrup manufacturers after toxic syrups allegedly caused child casualties in Madhya Pradesh.

Opposition and related political news:

• RJD leader Tejashwi Yadav pledged at least one government job per household if elected in Bihar, criticizing the NDA’s 20-year governance record.
• BSP chief Mayawati praised UP CM Yogi Adityanath for Dalit memorial maintenance but slammed the Samajwadi Party for “double-faced politics.”
• Opposition parties remain divided on joining a Joint Parliamentary Committee to scrutinize controversial bills on automatic dismissal of jailed ministers, with TMC and SP boycotting and Congress undecided.
• In Chandigarh, the city mayor accused opposition councillors from Congress and AAP of obstructing development projects.

This summary reflects the current political dynamics, government initiatives, diplomatic engagements, and opposition responses that are relevant for NDA exam and competitive exams preparation.

Geopolitics

• Israel and Hamas reached a landmark ceasefire and hostage deal under the first phase of U.S. President Trump’s Gaza peace plan, involving mediators and guarantors for the agreement.
• Russian President Putin is escalating Russian incursions into NATO airspace as part of a strategy to intimidate Europe, aiming to reduce military aid to Ukraine and undermine European defense unity. This is part of ongoing tensions with risks of increased conflict.
• Global geopolitical risks in 2025 include continued fallout from the Russia-Ukraine conflict, U.S.-China rivalries, rising nationalism and protectionism, energy and climate challenges, and increased cyber warfare targeting critical infrastructure.
• In South Asia, India faces multifaceted threats from Pakistan-China alliances and new forms of drone warfare, emphasizing urgent military reforms and strategic recalibrations.
• The U.S. continues to use diplomatic and economic tools to influence India’s trade choices, especially regarding Russian oil, while Europe faces challenges in balancing Russia relations and its defense posture.
• Other geopolitically relevant events include Taiwan’s large military exercises, protests in Kenya, and the implications of the US-Vietnam trade pact reflecting strategic shifts in Asia.

These cover major hotspots, strategic maneuvers, and ongoing conflicts shaping the global geopolitical landscape this October 2025.

Defence & International Relations

• India and the UK have agreed to deepen defence ties through enhanced military exchanges, joint training collaborations, and capability-building initiatives. PM Narendra Modi welcomed the UK Carrier Strike Group’s port call and the Royal Navy’s Exercise KONKAN with the Indian Navy. Both countries plan to establish a Regional Maritime Security Centre of Excellence and finalize an inter-governmental agreement to develop maritime electric propulsion systems for Indian Naval platforms. A government-to-government deal was announced for supplying lightweight multirole missile (LMM) systems to India, bolstering air defence capabilities and supporting indigenous defence manufacturing.
• India and Australia signed three defence pacts focused on maritime security cooperation and joint operations, reinforcing strategic ties between the two nations.
• India commemorated the 93rd Indian Air Force Day on 8 October 2025 with air shows and parades showcasing aircraft such as Rafale, Su-30MKI, and Apache Guardian, highlighting the IAF’s operational readiness and technological advancement.
• The Indian Army inducted the indigenously developed Asteria AT-15 VTOL UAV to support artillery fire operations, enhancing its battlefield surveillance and targeting capabilities.
• Russia and India commenced their joint military exercise “Indra 2025” at the Mahajan range in Rajasthan, focusing on counter-terrorism operations and improving interoperability between their armed forces. The drills will run until 15 October 2025.
• Russia has agreed to transfer critical technology for local manufacturing of the S-400 missile systems to India. Discussions are underway for finalizing deals for five additional S-400 regiments, with some units to be produced by Indian private firms.
• India is set to receive the first Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Tejas MK-1A by the end of October 2025, further modernizing the Indian Air Force’s fleet.

These developments highlight India’s focus on strengthening defence capabilities through international partnerships, indigenous technology, and joint military collaborations, all highly relevant for NDA aspirants preparing for defence current affairs.

Economy & Environment

Economy:

• The Indian stock markets opened weak due to global concerns with the Sensex and Nifty showing muted movement. The Reserve Bank of India is expected to intervene to support the rupee near record lows.
• India’s general government debt is projected to decline steadily from the current 81% of GDP to 71% by FY 2035, reflecting fiscal consolidation and economic growth plans.
• The Union Cabinet approved railway expansion projects worth ₹24,000 crore across four states to boost rural and industrial connectivity, strengthening infrastructure and logistics.
• PM Narendra Modi inaugurated Phase I of the Navi Mumbai International Airport (NMIA), India’s largest greenfield airport project, a key infrastructure boost aligned with the government’s Viksit Bharat 2047 vision.

Environment:

• India launched its National Red List Roadmap assessing the extinction risk of about 11,000 species including flora and fauna across the country. This initiative supports India’s commitments under the global biodiversity framework to strengthen conservation efforts.
• The IUCN World Conservation Congress started in Abu Dhabi with global leaders, including India, prioritizing combating wildlife crimes such as illegal logging and smuggling under G20 backing.
• India continues leading green energy initiatives with 125 GW solar capacity, supported by schemes like PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana promoting rooftop solar for low-income households, and PM-KUSUM for solarization of agriculture pumps.
• Air pollution in Delhi-NCR is being linked to increased health issues, including rheumatoid arthritis, underscoring the need for industrial and urban environmental reforms.

These developments show significant progress in infrastructure, fiscal health, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable energy—key topics for NDA exam current affairs preparation linked to economy and environment.

Science & Technology

The Indian Army secured a patent for its indigenous innovation “Vidyut Rakshak,” a system that enhances power system efficiency by integrated monitoring, protection, and control of multiple generators. It is deployed especially in remote and high-altitude areas, supporting operational efficiency and Atmanirbhar Bharat.

During UK PM Keir Starmer’s visit, India and the UK announced the establishment of the India-UK Connectivity and Innovation Centre and a Joint Centre for Artificial Intelligence to boost cooperation in frontier technologies and AI research.

The 9th edition of the India Mobile Congress (IMC) 2025 began in New Delhi, Asia’s largest telecom and technology event, showcasing innovations in 5G, 6G, quantum communications, AI, and smart mobility. It highlights India’s leadership in digital transformation and global technology.

IIT Gandhinagar hosted a global meeting from October 6-10, celebrating 10 years of the historic gravitational wave discovery, with a focus on advancing gravitational physics and India’s contributions to LIGO-India, a major science project in the country.

Multiple top international universities received approval to establish campuses in India, including Lancaster University in Bengaluru and others in GIFT City and Mumbai to foster education and technology collaboration.

These recent developments highlight India’s strides in indigenous innovation, international technological collaboration, advanced research in physics, and leadership in digital tech transformation, all vital for NDA exam science and technology current affairs preparation.

Sport

India’s new ODI cricket captain Shubman Gill has reassured fans that veterans Rohit Sharma and Virat Kohli will remain central to India’s plans for the 2027 World Cup, blending experience with fresh talent.

In the ongoing ICC Women’s Cricket World Cup, India suffered its first loss against South Africa in a thrilling match at Visakhapatnam. Despite the loss, Indian opener Smriti Mandhana set a new Women’s ODI calendar-year record, surpassing Belinda Clark’s 1997 milestone with more than 970 runs this year.

The Indian women’s badminton team continues to dominate Group H in the 2025 World Junior Championships with an unbeaten record after defeating Sri Lanka in Guwahati, demonstrating India’s rising stature in international badminton.

The 2nd Test match between India and West Indies is underway in Delhi as part of the two-match Test series, with keen attention on player performances and team strategies.

In para-athletics, India concluded the 2025 World Para Athletics Championships in New Delhi with a record haul of 22 medals (6 gold, 9 silver, 7 bronze), setting new championship and Asian records, illustrating strong growth in India’s para-sports profile.

These sports updates, featuring cricket, badminton, and para-athletics, are relevant for competitive exams focusing on national and international sports achievements.

Awards & Recognitions

The 71st National Film Awards were announced recently, honoring best performances in Indian cinema, with Shah Rukh Khan and Vikrant Massey winning Best Actor awards, and Rani Mukerji as Best Actress. These awards reflect India’s cultural achievements and national pride which are often relevant for general awareness sections in exams.

The latest gallantry awards list for 2025, approved by the President of India, includes Kirti Chakras, Shaurya Chakras, Sena Medals, Nao Sena Medals, and Vayu Sena Medals for acts of bravery by armed forces personnel. These awards highlight valor and sacrifice—critical topics for defence-related current affairs and NDA exam preparation.

The Nobel Peace Prize for 2025 is set to be announced on 10 October 2025, which is a significant international event often covered in competitive exam current affairs.

These awards underline the themes of bravery, national pride, and global recognition, important for NDA aspirants in their general knowledge and current affairs studies.

Uttarakhand Updates

• The Uttarakhand government declared a public holiday on 10 October 2025 for all female employees across government offices, educational institutions, and government establishments in the state on the occasion of Karwa Chauth. Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami emphasized respect for the cultural significance of this festival where women fast for family well-being.
• In Haridwar, police conducted raids against illegal firecracker traders and seized a large quantity of unauthorized crackers, showing the government’s crackdown on unlawful activities during the festive season.
• Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami met with Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman to seek support for key infrastructure projects aimed at urban development and disaster preparedness, focusing on improved connectivity and economic growth in Uttarakhand.
• The Hemkund Sahib pilgrimage site gates were scheduled to be closed for the winter season starting 10 October 2025, with final rituals and preparations for the cold months completed by the Hemkund Sahib Trust.
• There have been reports of increased encounters between tigers and leopards and human inhabitants in parts of Uttarakhand due to expanding wildlife populations, creating concerns about forest-human conflict and emphasizing the need for wildlife management.

These recent updates highlight cultural observances, law enforcement actions, important government meetings, environmental challenges, and seasonal preparations, relevant to residents and NDA aspirants interested in state affairs of Uttarakhand.

Importance for NDA and Other Aspirants

Staying updated with diverse current affairs is crucial for NDA exam success. Topics from defence innovations to geopolitical visits shape your general knowledge, while economic policies and scientific advancements enhance your analytical skills, essential for competitive exams and SSB interviews.

Repeated Past Important Questions

1. Which country appointed Rupin Fortunat Zafisambho as Prime Minister recently?
2. What is the significance of the International Solar Alliance Assembly India is hosting?
3. Which missile system technology did Russia agree to transfer to India?
4. Name the first Indian to win a medal at the Judo Junior World Championship.
5. Who was awarded Best Actor at the 71st National Film Awards 2025?

Closing Words & Coaching Mention

Closing Words & Coaching Mention

To get all the latest and most important current affairs for your NDA preparation, make sure to click here every day or visit groundzeroinstitute.com/blog/ at 11:30 AM

Ground Zero Defence Academy is your trusted defence academy in Dehradun, specializing in NDA and NDA foundation coaching in Dehradun.

Join the best with expert guidance from the top NDA coaching institute in Dehradun offering the finest defence coaching in Dehradun. With comprehensive courses, affordable NDA Dehradun academy fees, and a proven track record, Ground Zero Defence Academy ensures you get the best support for cracking the NDA and CDS exams.

Visit groundzerodefenceacademy.com and start your journey with the best NDA and NDA foundation coaching in Dehradun. Stay focused, stay consistent, and let the best defence academy in Dehradun train you to achieve your dreams!