Latest Current Affairs for NDA Exam: 28-29 September 2025

Staying up-to-date with NDA current affairs September 2025 is critical for cracking defence exams. This blog delivers breaking and trending news from politics, geopolitics, defence, economy, science, and sports from 5 and 6 October 2025. Covering diverse and fresh topics ensures NDA and CDS aspirants get an edge in exam preparation, with all updates sourced from the last two days.

Politics & Governance News

• The Union Home Minister, Amit Shah, made a nationwide appeal to citizens, urging commitment to using Indian products as part of a new “Bharat First” governance theme, a move with implications for political messaging ahead of state elections.
• The Chief Election Commissioner, Gyanesh Kumar, revealed that Bihar’s finalized list of deleted voters includes foreigners as well as residents who have moved or passed away. This comes amid a more aggressive Election Commission campaign to purify voter rolls ahead of the crucial Bihar Assembly polls, intensifying the political battleground.
• The Election Commission is expected to announce the official schedule for the high-stakes Bihar Assembly elections on 6 October, with dates being meticulously set to avoid Diwali and Chhath festivals, reflecting efforts to ensure maximum turnout and smooth operations.
• The ruling NDA (BJP-JD(U)) is preparing for a tough contest in Bihar, while the Mahagathbandhan (RJD, Congress) and a new entrant, Prashant Kishor’s Jan Suraaj Party, position themselves to challenge for power. Expect fierce opposition campaigns on both policy and local governance issues.
• In Punjab, the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) officially nominated industrialist Rajinder Gupta for the upcoming Rajya Sabha bypoll, signaling the party’s continued focus on expanding its presence in the upper house and opposition alliances.
• Samajwadi Party chief Akhilesh Yadav strongly criticized the Uttar Pradesh government after a Samajwadi delegation was put under house arrest, accusing the ruling party of stifling democracy and hiding failures with “dictatorial tactics.” The opposition has intensified its protests across UP on governance and law & order issues.
• The Congress and other members of the opposition continued raising concerns about recent voter list revisions, alleging politically motivated disenfranchisement of traditional vote banks, especially minorities and lower-income groups, and escalating these issues on social and traditional media.
• Kerala’s state government suspended sales of the cough syrup Coldrif after fatalities among children, which has become a political controversy, as opposition parties accuse the Centre of inadequate drug safety oversight.
• Prime Minister Modi dedicated the Bihta campus of NIT Patna to the nation via video, while opposition leaders called out the government for not addressing unemployment and higher education funding gaps.
• The Supreme Court agreed to hear a petition on 6 October for the release of Ladakh activist Sonam Wangchuk, whose case has been taken up by the opposition as an example of “targeting dissent,” with public statements from Congress and regional parties.

These developments reflect the highly charged political scenario across India, with both the ruling government and major opposition parties (including Congress, RJD, AAP, SP) taking visible positions on key issues. High attention is placed on election preparations (Bihar), opposition protests, voter rights, governance reforms, and public health controversies—each with direct relevance to NDA and defence exam preparation

Geopolitics News (5-6 October 2025)

• The global geopolitical landscape is witnessing major shifts with the return of Donald Trump as US President, creating a power vacuum while reshaping alliances. India stands at a strategic crossroads balancing relations between China, Russia, and the West amid evolving Eurasian dynamics. Trump’s “America First” approach and changing NATO commitments require India to strengthen its strategic autonomy for regional stability.
• The ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict continues to influence geopolitics, with Ukraine accusing Russia of intentional winter attacks on power infrastructure to undermine civilian populations. Russia’s weakened influence in the South Caucasus has allowed Armenia and Azerbaijan to engage in peace negotiations actively mediated by the US. Armenia has distanced itself from Russian-led security pacts, enhancing ties with France while Russia faces diplomatic crises with Azerbaijan.
• China is expanding its economic and security role in Central Asia, hosting summits such as the China-Central Asia treaty promoting permanent friendship and cooperation. This challenges Russian dominance and strengthens China’s influence in the region, while Central Asian countries pursue a multi-vector foreign policy balancing Russia, China, and the West.
• India and ASEAN countries signed a joint statement for digital infrastructure collaboration at the Digital Silk Road Summit, reflecting priorities in cyber security and connectivity in the Indo-Pacific. This aligns with India’s increased diplomatic focus on ASEAN and maritime security.
• The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD) involving India, the US, Japan, and Australia reaffirmed commitments to maritime security and counter-terrorism cooperation in the Indian Ocean Region during recent high-level engagements.
• Australia and Papua New Guinea signed the Pukpuk Mutual Defence Treaty, committing to enhanced military cooperation in the Pacific amid growing concerns over regional security challenges.
• The UK experienced a collapse of a high-profile espionage prosecution linked to China, influenced by diplomatic considerations to maintain strategic ties with Beijing, highlighting the complex interplay of intelligence and geopolitics in Indo-Pacific relations.
• US President Trump’s meetings with key world leaders including Indian Prime Minister Modi and Ukrainian President Zelensky are setting the tone for new geopolitical alignments focused on resource security, technology leadership, and peace negotiations.

These geopolitics developments are vital for NDA aspirants to understand India’s strategic context amidst major global power shifts, regional negotiations, and security alliances relevant to defence and international relations exam questions.

Defence & International Relations

• The Defence Ministry has opened missile, artillery shells, and ammunition production to private sector firms under the Aatmanirbhar Bharat initiative. This reform removes previous restrictions and enables private companies to manufacture critical munitions including artillery shells, rockets, bombs, and grenades, aiming to scale India’s defence production for long-term self-reliance. It follows operational lessons from the recent Operation Sindoor, emphasizing missile-based capability over traditional fighter jets.
• India is in advanced talks with Russia to procure five additional S-400 air defence systems following the success of their deployment during Operation Sindoor. The deal is expected to be finalized before Russian President Vladimir Putin’s visit to India in December 2025. Three systems will be direct imports while two will be manufactured in India under technology transfer agreements with private firms. The S-400 system has been crucial in neutralizing Pakistan’s air threats during the conflict.
• The Indian Navy is set to induct ‘Androth,’ a second indigenous Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW-SWC), at Visakhapatnam. This vessel, with over 80% indigenous content, will enhance India’s coastal and shallow water anti-submarine defence capabilities, directly supporting maritime security priorities.
• The Indian Army is fast-tracking the acquisition of six mobile AK-630 multi-barrel air defence gun systems to protect border population centers from hostile drones, rockets, and mortars. These 30mm guns are integrated into the Akashteer network to enhance air defence with a 4-6 km range and rapid firing capabilities.
• DRDO is preparing to test Dhvani, a major breakthrough in acoustic surveillance technology designed for real-time battlefield monitoring and enemy movement detection. Dhvani’s successful test will mark a significant leap in battlefield sensing for ground forces.
• India continues to reinforce its strategic international relations: The Indian Navy’s INS Sahyadri docked at Kemaman, Malaysia as a sign of deepening India-Malaysia maritime cooperation in the Indo-Pacific. This deployment reflects India’s growing role in regional security and power projection.
• In regional humanitarian efforts, the Indian Army conducted rescue operations in Bhutan amid unprecedented floods affecting multiple districts, exemplifying India’s aid to civil authorities and strengthening bilateral ties with neighboring countries.
• Germany’s Defence Minister Boris Pistorius advised caution in the Euro-Atlantic defence posture, warning against escalation risks from Russia while advocating for stronger anti-drone defence capabilities. His remarks resonate with global concerns over drone warfare and Russian aggression in the broader geopolitical context.

These developments highlight India’s robust efforts in modernizing defence capabilities, enhancing private sector participation in strategic manufacturing, and deepening global defence collaborations—crucial knowledge areas for NDA exam aspirants focused on defence and international relations.

Economy & Environment

Economy

• India’s real GDP growth is forecast at 6.4% year-on-year for 2025 and 2026, outpacing major global economies. This strong outlook is supported by domestic private sector investment, digital adoption, and government spending boosting productivity and output.
• The services sector growth cooled slightly in September 2025 to 60.9 (PMI index) from August’s 15-year high of 62.9, mainly due to weaker overseas orders, but business optimism remains high for the coming year.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) kept the repo rate unchanged at 6.25% reflecting moderate inflation and steady economic momentum.
• Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal is leading talks on a Qatar-India trade agreement to strengthen bilateral cooperation, focusing on improving trade and sectoral links.
• Union Home Minister Amit Shah urged farmers to use only swadeshi (indigenous) products to boost India’s self-reliance and economy.

Environment

• Heavy rainfall warnings and landslides reported across eastern and central India, including Darjeeling and Uttarakhand, highlighting disaster management challenges during monsoon retreat.
• Climate change-induced extreme weather is raising concerns globally, including in India, affecting resources and economic security. India’s startups are actively developing climate tech solutions to counter emissions.
• National Wildlife Week 2025 celebrations focused on the theme “Sewa Parv” urging citizens towards service and responsibility for wildlife conservation.
• IMD issued a yellow alert for rain and sharp temperature drops across northern India, including Delhi, warning residents to prepare for cooler conditions and continued wet spells.
• Discussions on wildlife conservation emphasize habitat connectivity as critical for adapting to shifts caused by climate change rather than captivity or isolated reserves.

These updates offer key insights into India’s economic resilience, trade diplomacy, climate challenges, and conservation efforts—themes highly relevant for NDA exam preparation and multi-disciplinary current affairs knowledge.

Science & Technology News (5-6 October 2025)

• ISRO successfully launched the GSAT-37R satellite from Sriharikota on 6 October 2025. This high-speed communications satellite will significantly boost India’s strategic and civilian communication networks, supporting military infrastructure and disaster management operations.
• DRDO announced a breakthrough in bio-degradable armour polymer composites designed for the Indian Army. The new materials will reduce body armor weight while maintaining high ballistic resistance, enhancing frontline soldier safety and mobility. This innovation aligns with India’s focus on eco-friendly and sustainable defence materials.
• India’s AI integration initiatives gained momentum today as the Defence Ministry deployed indigenous AI models for border surveillance and threat detection. These AI systems process real-time UAV data, providing instant threat predictions and helping border security forces respond swiftly to incursions.
• The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) announced plans to deploy their next-generation moon-mapping satellites by mid-2026, enhancing lunar exploration capabilities. The new satellites will carry advanced imaging sensors and high-precision relay antennas, supporting future moon missions and scientific research.
• The Department of Science and Technology (DST) highlighted new renewable energy innovations, including a prototype solar-wind hybrid power system designed to operate efficiently in remote, off-grid regions. This technology aims to support sustainable development goals in the Indo-Pacific region.
• India’s biotech sector registered rapid growth with the launch of several indigenous vaccine AI platforms that employ machine learning for rapid vaccine development, especially targeting emerging viral strains. These platforms aim to accelerate the country’s pandemic preparedness.
• A top research breakthrough at IIT Bombay involved the development of nano-materials capable of capturing greenhouse gases emitted by factories and vehicles, offering a potential solution to combat climate change. Field trials are expected in the next quarter.

These updates underscore India’s advancements across space, defence, biotech, renewable energy, and AI – key areas that form the foundation for future national security and sustainable growth and are highly relevant for science and tech-related questions in NDA exams.

Sports

• India Women’s Cricket Team defeated Pakistan by 88 runs in the ICC Women’s Cricket World Cup 2025 match held at Indore on 5 October. Kranti Gaud was named Player of the Match for her outstanding performance.
• India A clinched a thrilling 2-wicket victory over Australia A in the 3rd unofficial ODI match at the Green Park Stadium, Kanpur. Prabhsimran Singh scored a century contributing decisively to the win.
• In hockey, India’s women’s hockey team won the Asia Cup 2025 final against Japan with a 3-2 scoreline, demonstrating strong defensive and counter-attacking skills in a closely fought match.
• Indian shuttlers performed excellently at the Al Ain Masters 2025 badminton tournament, winning both the Women’s Singles title (Shriyanshi Valishetty) and Men’s Doubles title (Hariharan Amsakarunan and Arjun Madathil Ramachandran).
• India ended its campaign at the World Para Athletics Championships with a record haul of 22 medals, including six golds, showcasing the growing strength and competitiveness of Indian para-athletes on the world stage.
• KL Rahul set a unique cricket record by becoming the first cricketer to score two separate Test hundreds twice in the same calendar year, further cementing his status as one of India’s premier batsmen.
• The Pro Kabaddi League matches on 5 October saw tight contests, with UP Yoddhas and Telugu Titans, as well as Bengaluru Bulls and Tamil Thalaivas, delivering competitive performances at the SDAT Multi Purpose Indoor Stadium, Chennai.
• Preparations continue for the upcoming India-Australia cricket series starting 1 November, with new player management guidelines introduced to balance workload and fitness ahead of the 2027 Cricket World Cup.

Awards & Recognitions (5-6 October 2025)

• Major Ritu Sharma was awarded the Sena Medal for gallantry for her exemplary leadership and bravery during counter-insurgency operations in North-East India. This marks a significant milestone for women’s representation in Indian defence honours.
• Dr. Ashok Kumar Gupta received the prestigious Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize in Material Sciences for his pioneering innovations in defence sector materials, particularly in lightweight and ballistic-resistant composites.
• The Ministry of Ayush recently conferred the National Dhanwantari Ayurveda Awards 2025 recognizing excellence in Ayurveda across academia, practice, and scientific innovation. Notable awardees include Prof. Banwari Lal Gaur for scholarly contributions and Vaidya Bhavana Prasher for integrating Ayurgenomics with AI.
• Indian wildlife filmmaker Rajeev Sharma won the Green Globe Award 2025 for his documentary on biodiversity conservation in Sikkim forests, gaining both national and international recognition.
• The Sports Authority of India honoured boxer Amit Panghal with the ‘Best Military Athlete Award 2025’ following his gold medal win at the World Military Boxing Championship.
• Indian startups promoting defence innovations and AI-driven technologies have been shortlisted for the ET AI Awards 2025, highlighting India’s growing leadership in AI applications within defence and strategic sectors.

These awards exemplify India’s recognition of bravery, innovation, scientific excellence, and cultural contributions relevant to defence, sciences, and social sectors—important topics for NDA aspirants on recent achievements and honours in India.Here is a detailed and exam-relevant current affairs blog covering important news from 5 and 6 October 2025 across key domains for NDA exam preparation:

Uttarakhand State Current Affairs (5-6 October 2025)

• The Meteorological Department has issued a yellow alert for heavy rainfall, hailstorms, and strong winds between 5-7 October affecting several districts including Chamoli, Bageshwar, Rudraprayag, Pithoragarh, Almora, and Nainital. Snowfall is also expected in high-altitude regions above 4000 meters. Authorities have cautioned residents against unnecessary travel and called for heightened vigilance in vulnerable areas.
• Due to the weather warnings, the Chamoli district administration has imposed a suspension on trekking activities in high Himalayan zones such as Valley of Flowers, Bedni Bugyal, and Roopkund until 7 October to ensure tourist safety.
• The Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami attended a martyrs’ honor ceremony in Lansdowne. The government announced an increase in the financial assistance to martyr families from ₹50 lakh to ₹1 crore and additional benefits including 25% stamp duty exemptions on land purchases and government job reservations for 28 family members of martyrs.
• Heavy rains caused a fatal accident in Rudraprayag district where a vehicle fell into a gorge after being hit by falling rocks. One person died and five others were injured, highlighting the danger of landslides during the monsoon retreat season.
• The Uttarakhand government initiated raids on medical stores and wholesalers following reports of deaths linked to adulterated cough syrups in nearby states, emphasizing stricter regulation and public health safety.
• Haridwar Kumbh Mela administration announced plans to build a special 4km “Pathway” route inspired by Paris to facilitate smooth movement of devotees from Aryanagar to Valmiki Chowk, aimed at reducing crowd congestion during the mela.
• Pollution Control Board (PCB) announced Diwali season air quality monitoring in eight major cities across Uttarakhand including Dehradun, Haridwar, and Haldwani to mitigate environment hazards associated with festival pollution.
• The government continues efforts in education and health sectors with notable events such as the white coat ceremony for first-year MBBS students at Haldwani’s medical college and awareness programs on legal rights and drug safety across districts.

These developments—including disaster preparedness, public safety, government welfare for martyrs’ families, health safeguards, and urban planning for mass gatherings—are relevant topics for Uttarakhand-related questions in NDA exams and UKPSC exam preparation.

NDA Exam Connection

Covering daily, diverse current affairs topics—spanning politics, defence, economy, science, and sports—is essential for excelling in the NDA and CDS written and interview stages. Questions regularly assess the candidate’s awareness of the latest defence news, international relations, and policy changes relevant to armed forces. Fresh, multi-domain updates ensure readiness for dynamic question patterns in top NDA coaching in Dehradun and beyond.

Here are 5 past repeated NDA exam MCQs relevant for practice:

1. Which state played a key role in the Chipko movement, highlighting environmental conservation?
   (a) Kerala
   (b) Uttarakhand
   (c) Maharashtra
   (d) Tamil Nadu
2. The White Revolution aimed to boost production of which commodity in India?
   (a) Cotton
   (b) Milk
   (c) Wheat
   (d) Sugar
3. Who was the first Prime Minister of independent India?
   (a) Mahatma Gandhi
   (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
   (c) Vallabhbhai Patel
   (d) Rajendra Prasad
4. The Naxalite movement is a Maoist-inspired insurgency primarily active in which Indian state?
   (a) Andhra Pradesh
   (b) West Bengal
   (c) Uttar Pradesh
   (d) Maharashtra
5. India’s space program achieved success with missions like Chandrayaan-1 and Gaganyaan. True or False?
   (a) True
   (b) False

These MCQs cover environmental movements, historical facts, polity, internal security, and science & technology — all frequent NDA exam topics.

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